We are abandoning children in foster care
April 17, 2014
This graphic illustrates the outcomes for many children who "age out" of foster care at 18 with little or no resources.
In 2012 in the United States, 23,439 children in foster care turned 18
and were "emancipated" or "aged out." In simple terms, most of them
were put out into the world on their own without housing, financial
assistance or emotional support.
Take
Adrian, now 27. After being placed into foster care at 6 because of his
mother's drug and alcohol abuse, he stayed in care, moving from home to
home, until he was 18 and too old for the system. He found the strength
to try to put himself through college, using the county van his
caseworker helped secure to move there.
His
roommate got to go home on school breaks and had a mother who called to
check in on him. Adrian had no one to call when he struggled at school
-- nowhere to call home, no one to send a gift, no one to see how he was
doing. He worked nearly 60 hours a week just to pay for college, and
when eventually his grades slipped, he was kicked out. He struggled with
the ups and downs of depression. As Adrian said of children in foster
care: "We are not equipped to go through this world alone."
In 2012, U.S. authorities received more than 3.3 million reports of abuse, representing about 6 million children,
or 8% of the child population. From those reports, after investigation
and intervention, about 400,000 children were placed in foster care, and
of those, nearly 60,000 were permanently taken away from their families
of origin.
These are children who were
neglected or abused by parents -- physically or sexually or both -- so
egregiously that a judge permanently severed the parents' rights to
claim the children as their own. Terminating, or legally ending, the
right of parent to raise a child is not something a judge decides
lightly. In fact, parents receive every legal, social and system
opportunity to keep their families intact -- too often putting the child
at risk of emotional or physical harm.
Because
we know that children thrive in families -- not institutions or
transient, temporary care -- we made a promise to those children. We
promised the day they were permanently separated from their families
that we would find them new ones. A place to call home, to be loved,
supported and cherished, as every child should.
We
failed 23,439 children last year, and legally emancipated them from
care. This world is not an easy place for children to grow and thrive on
their own. Too often it is not even safe place.
Make
no mistake, many dedicated and skilled adults step forward to care for
these children, as their social workers, counselors or temporary foster
parents. Some even stay connected once a child leaves care.
And
some states have worked hard to extend foster care to 21, but resources
for older youth are limited and difficult to access. A Health and Human
Services report found that the federal Foster Care Independence program
meant to help foster children make the transition to adulthood is
inconsistent from state to state and provides too little for these
troubled young people. And it simply is not a substitute for a family.
Considering
the trauma these children have endured at a young age, the moves from
foster family to foster family and the abandonment they feel, it's no
wonder they are at a higher risk for a grim future.
Conservative
studies find one in five will become homeless after 18; at 24, only
half will be employed; less than 3% will have earned a college degree;
71% of women will be pregnant by 21; and one in four will have
experienced post-traumatic stress disorder at twice the rate of United
States war veterans. And too often, many are at risk of moving back into
government systems -- from juvenile centers to prison.
Renee,
now 25, was young when her mother became addicted to drugs and could no
longer care for her and her brother. They were placed in foster care,
moved around within the system, and eventually aged out. She had nowhere
to go after foster care.
Now on her
own as a young adult, she's facing obstacles that could have been
avoided. Renee told me that, "For children who have never been on their
own before, they're really in a bad situation once those first few
months of support stops. If I can't pay a bill, who's going to help me
pay it? I had to be a trailblazer, that's all I knew. It was a survival
tactic. I still feel like I don't have any guidance. Everything for me
is trial and error, and I hate that."
And for Dante, it was really very simple:
"I just wanted a family and a home," he said. After nearly 12 years, he
left foster care with neither.
There is
a cycle of violence and helplessness innate in the lives of the
hundreds of thousands of children in the U.S. foster care system. And
yet millions of Americans are unaware that thousands of children remain
in this cycle, and those charged with their protection fail to commit to
better solutions for educational and vocational support, employment,
life skills training and secure homes.
It is our duty as a nation to end this cycle. We made promises to these 101,000 children in foster care waiting to be adopted
that we would find them safe, supportive homes. We must take the lead
and work harder to do that. If children have been permanently separated
from their families and freed for adoption, it's unacceptable that they
end up without one.
April is National
Child Abuse Prevention Month and is followed in May by National Foster
Care Month. Take these opportunities to call your U.S. representative or
senator, speak with your state representatives or write a letter to
your governor to urge them to focus on the foster care system to make
the health, safety and welfare of children in their states an
uncompromised priority.
We can make the life of each and every American child a cause for celebration and joy. We must demand justice and safety at every level for children, not only because it is their basic human right but because those who grow and learn in just environments and with the protection of families ultimately create humane and thriving societies.
